Condensing, backpressure and extraction steam turbines. Basic principals of energy transformations in a turbine stage. Turbine stage with a short (one-dimensional approach) and long (three-dimensional effects) blade. Energy losses, polytropic and isentropic turbine efficiency. Thermodynamic analysis and design of a multi-stage steam and gas turbines. Power control of a steam and gas turbines. Off-design operation conditions of a steam and gas turbines.

J. Kadrnožka : Tepelné elektrárny a teplárny. SNTL, Praha, 1984, R. W. Haywood : Analysis of Engineering Cycles. Pergamon Press, 1991